Intestinal worm infection is the most common type of parasitic disease. There is a view that in one form or another more than 90% of the world's population is infected with helminths, although this view has not been scientifically confirmed. The helminths mainly infect children who ignore the basic rules of personal hygiene. However, the presence of parasitic worms in the intestines of adults is not uncommon.
Symptoms and signs of infection
In modern medicine, there are some ideas about the symptoms that indicate a helminth lesion. However, in reality, the clinical picture of helminths is extremely rare in its full form. Much more often, the disease is latent and its signs are not specific enough to be associated with worms.
The pathological effect of worms is due to several mechanisms:
- mechanical damage to the intestinal walls.
- toxic effect of parasitic waste;
- the absorption of some of the substances necessary for the human body that accompany food;
- obstruction of the hepatic ducts, intestinal lumen (worm lumps).
As a rule, helminths are not concentrated in pellets and are located along the intestinal tract. Acute intestinal obstruction develops only with inappropriate treatment, when the parasites that are concerned but have not been destroyed, begin to move actively, become entangled and form volumetric complexes from their body.
Helminthiases have the following symptoms:
- motion sickness;
- weakness;
- dizziness;
- vomit;
- headache;
- diarrhea;
- weight loss;
- itching in the anus;
- peripheral lymphadenitis;
- joint pain;
- occult blood in the stool.
- signs of inflammation in the small intestine.
- stomachache.
Some types of helminths can affect the bladder and cause hematuria (blood in the urine), penetrating the liver, lungs, muscles and brain. When the lungs are affected, the patient has an exhausting cough, sometimes the sputum is separated by a mixture of blood.
Worms in children usually lead to reduced growth and mental development, make the child nervous and anxious. Worms that crawl from the anus to lay eggs cause intense itching at night and at night (the period of greatest worm activity).
Types of pests
In the human body, 3 main types of worms infest: round, sticky and flat.
round worms
The most prominent representatives of the parasite species are pinworms and roundworms. Infection with these helminths represents 80% of the cases of all helminths found in the territory of the former CIS countries.
These worms are of different sexes, have relatively small body sizes (from 1-2 to several tens of centimeters), the infection occurs from the fecal-oral route.
Movies
They are the largest of all parasitic worms. The most famous representatives of the group, the pork and beef ribs, can reach a length of 10-15 meters.
The reproduction of the parasites takes place without the participation of the second person. Eggs are excreted into the environment with the patient's feces.
flat worms
Small representatives of helminths, which live, as a rule, in the bile and liver resources.
Residents of endemic areas may not have symptoms of the disease for many years. In case of infection of a person who has not been in contact with the parasite before, they lead to serious liver diseases. It can cause hepatitis, gallstones and other symptoms.
Echinococcus
Echinococcus is the only cestoid worm that uses humans as an intermediate host.
In this case, the parasite larvae enter the bloodstream, spread throughout the body and settle in the tissues, after which they begin to grow. Echinococcal cysts form. In this case, worm tablets for humans or animals are practically useless. The Finns are removed immediately.
Worm tablets for adults
The vast majority of today's popular anthelmintic drugs are based on one of three main substances: mebendazole, albendazole or levamisole.
based on mebendazole
Broad-spectrum drugs prescribed to patients suffering from enterobiasis, ascariasis, hookworm, trichuria, tenacity, echinococcosis and other helminth infestations.
Side effects include:
- motion sickness;
- stomach ache;
- vomiting;
- headache;
- increase in the amount of liver enzymes in the blood.
Contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women, children under 2 years, people suffering from liver disease and alcohol addiction (in case of excessive alcohol consumption). No laxative is prescribed when prescribing these funds.
Based on albendazole
The means have a wide range of action, allow you to achieve a therapeutic effect in ascariasis, enterobiasis, tapeworm infection and flat parasites. It is used to treat echinococcosis when surgical treatment is not possible.
The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, younger children, with retinal pathology and non-helminthic liver damage. Side effects include nausea, vomiting and other signs of a toxic syndrome, which are common to almost all anthelmintic drugs.
Based on levamisole
Most effective when infected with pinworms and roundworms. In other helminthic diseases, they also have the necessary effect, however, the treatment may require a longer course than when used accordingly.
The drugs have immunostimulatory properties and can be used as such in moderate immunodeficiency.
Levamisole-based agents are contraindicated in the following conditions:
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- Childhood;
- alcoholism in the stage of overeating.
- liver disease;
- agranulocytosis.
Levamisole and its derivatives during long-term treatment can cause agranulocytosis, nausea, vomiting, depression, dermatitis, anorexia.
Tablets and suspensions for children
As a rule, the treatment of helminths in children over 3-4 years of age can be done using the same drugs prescribed for adults. In this case, the dose of the drug should be adjusted according to the age of the child.
Be aware that for ease of administration, the suspension can be prepared by any agent in tablets. To do this, the required amount of drug is crushed into a powder, added to the required amount of drinking water and mixed thoroughly.
Self-made suspensions may not be dosed in the same way as factory dosage forms. The required amount of medicine is measured before preparing the suspension!
Folk recipes for worms
When answering questions about how to get rid of worms from a child or an adult, we can not fail to mention folk remedies.
Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seeds contain cucurbitin, a substance that has an adverse effect on worms. The tool is effective in almost any intestinal helminthiasis. Some sources suggest that the effect of cucurbitin extends to extraterrestrial helminths.
Pumpkin seeds should only be eaten raw. Heat treatment destroys the active substances in them. In addition, peeling is not recommended. It is best to crush the seeds in the blender together with the peel. For ease of use, the mass can be poured with milk.
Carrot
It is not necessary to use carrots as an independent drug for the treatment of helminthiasis, as it is not effective enough for this. However, as a means of prevention, as well as as an adjunct in the presence of basic treatment, carrots are quite suitable.
You can use carrots in any form that does not require heat treatment. It is better for dishes, which include a vegetable, to contain pepper or hot spices (Korean type carrots). The plant is given to children in raw, pure form.
linen
You can remove the worms from the intestines using ordinary or black flax. Flax seeds can be used crushed and mixed with cinnamon. However, it is better if they are used in the form of a decoction. For the preparation of 1-2 tbsp. Spoons of crushed seeds in a blender are poured with a glass of boiling water and left to infuse. After a few hours, the composition should be filtered and taken 100 ml twice a day on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is until the time when the parasite eggs are no longer in the feces.
Chamomile decoction
A decoction of chamomile can be used in almost unlimited quantities. It does not have a direct anti-helminthic effect, however, it promotes the healing of microcracks in the intestinal mucosa, which are formed as a result of helminth activity.
In addition, chamomile contains a huge amount of vitamins, natural immunostimulants and other beneficial substances.
Garlic
Garlic is one of the best anthelmintic plants. You can use it in pure form, as well as mixed with milk. The mixture is prepared by squeezing 10-12 drops of garlic juice in a glass of warm boiled milk. It is necessary to drink garlic milk in the morning, on an empty stomach, for 1-2 weeks. In the future, garlic is recommended to prevent re-invasion and improve immunity.
Hemp and linseed oil
Hemp, flaxseed, sea buckthorn, cedar and other oils also have anti-helminthic effects.
When removing worms with folk remedies, the oil should be given 1 teaspoon twice a day, preferably on an empty stomach, just before meals. A relative contraindication to the use of this method is severe indigestion, accompanied by profuse diarrhea. Insulating agents must be obtained before oil treatment can begin.
Tansy
Tansy is one of the most popular anthelmintic drugs recognized by both folk and traditional medicine.
For the treatment of helminth infection, the plant can be consumed in the form of powder (orally, 0. 7-1 g once a day for a week) or in the form of an aqueous decoction. Inflorescences are also part of many complex treatments (troychatka).
Tansy is strictly contraindicated for pregnant women and children under 12 years!
Troitsatka
The composition of the so-called "troychatka" includes 1 g of tansy, 0. 5 g of cloves and 0. 3 g of wormwood. All ingredients are crushed into a powder and mixed together. The use of the mixture inside is allowed in its pure form. In this case, the dose of the drug should be increased gradually, starting from half 0, 7-0, 8 grams per day. For ease of use, herbs can be mixed with food. The composition is taken for several months.
Copper brush
Absinthe in the treatment of helminths in adults is often used in the form of alcohol tincture. To do this, the dried grass is crushed, the required amount of powder is measured and poured with vodka in a ratio of 1: 3. The tincture is ready for use in 2-3 weeks. It is necessary to take it 30-50 grams on an empty stomach, twice a day.
In childhood, wormwood tincture is replaced by infusion, where pure drinking water is used instead of alcohol. The frequency and duration of the download does not change.
Recipes for worm enema
Enemas for helminthiasis can remove parasites that have migrated to the rectum for reproduction. Garlic, soda and cream creams are used.
Garlic paste
Garlic decoction is used to set an enema. Pour several cloves of the plant with water and boil for 2-3 minutes. After that, the garlic paste is removed, the broth is cooled, filtered and then injected into the rectum with a syringe.
Garlic enemas are not recommended for children under 3 years of age. Also, this type of treatment is useless for tissue parasites, strips, located in the liver pores, strips. The procedure is performed before going to bed. Pre-cleaning enema is recommended.
soda enema
The solution is prepared from a glass of water and 0. 5 teaspoon of baking soda. The powder is dissolved and boiled for five minutes. After the solution has cooled, it is filtered and injected into the rectum before bedtime.
There are no age restrictions here. To adjust an enema for very young children, its volume should be compared to the size of the child's body. The course of treatment consists of 6-7 procedures.
Wave with dance
The solution is prepared from crushed tansy inflorescences. To do this, pour 2-3 tablespoons of powder with a glass of boiling water and insist for half an hour. The solution is then filtered through gauze and injected into the rectum. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks.
Tansy enema is contraindicated for children under 14 years!
Prevention
The basis for preventing worms is clean hands. Therefore, a child, like an adult, must follow the basic rules of personal hygiene.
The second fundamental principle of prevention is the annual medical examination with a mandatory examination of the stool for the presence of helminth eggs. Preventive treatment courses are recommended only in the absence of contraindications and with the use of low toxic agents. Otherwise, extremely toxic drugs will do more harm than good!